KAST has been operating the “National Science Challenges Support & Network (NSCN)” for the successful execution of the “National Convergence Research of Scientific Challenges Project,” which is a leading convergence R&D project that approaches unresolved scientific challenges with creative and innovative ideas. KAST is in charge of discovering and selecting candidates for scientific challenges, and planning customized scientific challenges. We support conferences, annual reports, and international cooperation activities where researchers can exchange knowledge and experiences accumulated through challenging scientific research. Currently, 25 research groups are tackling grand challenges in science, driven by creative and innovative ideas. KAST has established an expert committee to develop strategies to drive the success of these efforts and plays its role in analyzing these grand challenges to support the success of the groups. Notably, in 2024, KAST established an open platform for the submission of grand challenge proposals. This allows the research community to propose ideas to address grand challenges in science, and facilitates the exchange of ideas among researchers in real time.